Records are 33 RPM rather than 45 RPM because they are able to hold more music per side at a slower speed. When records were first invented in the late 19th century, they were typically played at speeds between 60-120 RPM. In the 1920s, 78 RPM became the standard speed for records, but this format could only hold around 3-4 minutes of music per side.
In the 1940s, the introduction of vinyl records allowed for longer playing times, and the 33 1/3 RPM speed was developed. This allowed for up to 22 minutes of music per side, which was a significant improvement over the 78 RPM format.
The 45 RPM format was also developed around the same time, but it was primarily used for singles and shorter recordings. While both formats have their advantages and disadvantages, the 33 RPM format remains the standard for full-length albums due to its ability to hold more music per side.
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